Table 4
Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for brain cancer for ever-use of pesticides classes by histological types among adult male farmers
| Glioblastoma multiforme | Astrocytoma | Other glioma | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | Cases | Cases | Cases | |||||||
| n | OR* | 95% CI | n | OR* | 95% CI | n | OR* | 95% CI | ||
| *Odds ratio adjusted for age (⩽49, 50–59, 60–69, ⩾70) and respondent type. | ||||||||||
| †Reference category: non-farmers. | ||||||||||
| ‡Nitrosatable pesticides includes 11 herbicides (2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, atrazine, butylate, cyanazine, dicamba, EPTC, glyphosate, metolachlor, propachlor, trifluralin) and five insecticides (bufencarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, famphur, nicotine). | ||||||||||
| Non-farmers | 112 | 25 | 1.0 | Ref† | 15 | 1.0 | Ref† | 9 | 1.0 | Ref† |
| Insecticides | 77 | 23 | 2.0 | 1.0–4.1 | 14 | 1.7 | 0.7–4.0 | 5 | 1.0 | 0.3–3.3 |
| Farmers, no use | 31 | 10 | 2.3 | 0.9–6.1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | – | – |
| Carbamate | 36 | 7 | 1.3 | 0.5–3.4 | 10 | 2.6 | 1.0–6.6 | 3 | 1.1 | 0.3–4.7 |
| Organochlorine | 47 | 12 | 1.7 | 0.7–3.9 | 11 | 2.8 | 1.1–7.1 | 3 | 1.2 | 0.3–5.6 |
| Organophosphorus | 46 | 13 | 1.3 | 0.9–1.9 | 13 | 2.6 | 1.1–6.3 | 4 | 1.1 | 0.3–4.1 |
| Herbicides | 70 | 21 | 1.9 | 0.9–3.8 | 12 | 1.6 | 0.7–3.9 | 5 | 1.1 | 0.3–3.7 |
| Farmers, no use | 41 | 8 | 1.4 | 0.5–3.6 | 3 | 1.2 | 0.3–5.1 | 0 | – | – |
| Acetanilide | 34 | 10 | 1.9 | 0.8–4.7 | 9 | 2.1 | 0.8–5.5 | 3 | 0.9 | 0.2–3.8 |
| Benzoic acid | 29 | 6 | 1.2 | 0.4–9.3 | 5 | 1.6 | 0.5–5.2 | 3 | 1.4 | 0.3–6.3 |
| Carbamate | 22 | 5 | 1.2 | 0.4–3.7 | 6 | 2.6 | 0.8–8.1 | 3 | 2.2 | 0.5–9.9 |
| Dinitroaniline | 16 | 5 | 2.1 | 0.6–6.7 | 8 | 3.9 | 1.3–11.6 | 4 | 3.0 | 0.7–12.4 |
| Phenoxy | 56 | 17 | 2.0 | 0.9–4.3 | 11 | 1.8 | 0.7–4.5 | 4 | 1.0 | 0.3–3.8 |
| Triazine | 42 | 13 | 2.0 | 0.9–4.7 | 10 | 2.2 | 0.9–5.6 | 4 | 1.3 | 0.3–4.9 |
| Nitrosatable pesticides use‡ | 61 | 18 | 2.0 | 0.9–4.2 | 14 | 2.2 | 0.9–5.1 | 4 | 0.9 | 0.3–3.5 |
