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Occup Environ Med 61:523-528 doi:10.1136/oem.2003.009563
  • Original article

Perceived muscular tension, job strain, physical exposure, and associations with neck pain among VDU users; a prospective cohort study

Table 3

Combinations of different risk factors for neck pain among male and female computer users, stratified for sex and adjusted for age

Risk factor Men and women
HR (95% CI) Events/censored Excess risk
Note that only respondents with low exposure for both risk factors and high exposure for one or both risk factors were included, all other possible exposure combinations being excluded.
HR, hazard ratio.
*Adjusted for physical exposure and age.
†Adjusted for job strain and age.
‡Adjusted for perceived muscular tension and age.
Perceived muscular tension and job strain*
    Low tension, low strain 1 7/56
    High tension, low strain 3.3 (1.1 to 9.5) 8/18
    Low tension, high strain 2.5 (0.90 to 6.8) 9/23
    High tension, high strain 4.0 (1.6 to 10.0) 19/28 −0.19
Perceived muscular tension and physical exposure†
    Low tension, low physical 1 20/90
    High tension, low physical 1.7 (0.92 to 3.3) 23/52
    Low tension, high physical 0.83 (0.27 to 2.6) 4/17
    High tension, high physical 1.9 (0.86 to 4.2) 12/18 0.17
Job strain and physical exposure‡
    Low strain, low physical 1 17/89
    High strain, low physical 1.1 (0.51 to 2.5) 14/49
    Low strain, high physical 0.54 (0.12 to 2.4) 2/15
    High strain, high physical 2.7 (1.2 to 5.9) 15/17 0.75

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