Table 2
Work related psychosocial risk factors and new onset low back pain*
| Univariate associations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Logistic regression | GEE model 1 | GEE model 2 | ||||
| Exposure | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |
| *Adjusted for gender, age group, and occupation. | ||||||
| Job demand | ||||||
| Stressful work | ||||||
| Never/occasionally | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| At least half of the time | 1.74 | 1.08 to 2.80 | 1.63 | 1.07 to 2.47 | 1.59 | 1.06 to 2.37 |
| Monotonous work | ||||||
| Never/occasionally | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| At least half of the time | 1.88 | 1.07 to 3.30 | 1.87 | 1.13 to 3.08 | 1.94 | 1.22 to 3.09 |
| Hectic work | ||||||
| Never/occasionally | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| At least half of the time | 1.79 | 1.20 to 2.67 | 1.61 | 1.13 to 2.29 | 1.23 | 0.86 to 1.78 |
| Job satisfaction | ||||||
| Job satisfaction | ||||||
| Not dissatisfied | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| (Very)/dissatisfied | 0.97 | 0.28 to 3.32 | 0.98 | 0.32 to 3.03 | 1.34 | 0.60 to 2.99 |
| Social support | ||||||
| Support from colleagues | ||||||
| Not dissatisfied | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| (Very)/dissatisfied | 2.40 | 0.62 to 9.32 | 2.00 | 0.66 to 6.06 | 1.85 | 0.73 to 4.70 |
| Control over work | ||||||
| Control over own work | ||||||
| At least sometimes | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| (Very)/seldom | 0.95 | 0.51 to 1.79 | 0.90 | 0.50 to 1.61 | 0.74 | 0.37 to 1.45 |
| Learn new things | ||||||
| At least sometimes | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| (Very)/seldom | 1.84 | 0.72 to 4.70 | 1.63 | 0.70 to 3.81 | 1.65 | 0.77 to 3.52 |
| Individual distress (GHQ) | ||||||
| GHQ total | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| 1–2 | 1.08 | 0.70 to 1.68 | 1.09 | 0.73 to 1.62 | 0.97 | 0.65 to 1.46 |
| ≥3 | 2.51 | 1.52 to 4.13 | 2.26 | 1.47 to 3.48 | 1.44 | 0.94 to 2.20 |
