Particulate matter and daily mortality and hospital admissions in the west midlands conurbation of the United Kingdom: associations with fine and coarse particles, black smoke and sulphate

Table 6

Pollution and daily admissions for asthma and COPD (% change (95% CI) for pollution increment from 10–90th percentile, mean lag 0+1 days)

Pollutant	Asthma age 0–14 % change (95% CI)	p Value	Interaction with season p value	Asthma age 15–64 % change (95% CI)	p Value	Interaction with season p value	COPD age ⩾65 % change (95% CI)	p Value	Interaction with season p value
PM₁₀	8.3 (1.7 to 15.3)	0.01	0.03	−2.3 (−10.0 to 6.1)	0.6	0.9	−1.8 (−6.9 to 3.5)	0.5	0.3
PM_2.5	6.0 (−0.9 to 13.4)	0.09	0.03	−8.4 (−16.3 to 0.3)	0.06	0.9	−3.9 (−9.0 to 1.6)	0.2	0.3
PM_2.5–10	7.1 (−2.1 to 17.2)	0.1	0.4	−10.7 (−19.9 to −0.5)	0.04	0.3	−1.7 (−8.9 to 5.3)	0.6	0.8
BS	7.4 (0.7 to 14.5)	0.03	0.09	−2.8 (−10.7 to 5.8)	0.5	0.1	1.5 (−3.7 to 7.0)	0.6	0.1
SO₄ ²⁻	2.1 (−3.9 to 8.6)	0.5	0.9	−4.2 (−11.7 to 3.9)	0.3	0.9	−0.3 (−5.3 to 4.9)	0.9	0.05
NO₂	4.0 (−2.0 to 10.2)	0.2	0.4	−3.3 (−10.4 to 4.4)	0.4	0.7	2.5 (−2.1 to 7.3)	0.3	0.2
O₃	−12.9 (−21.2 to −3.8)	0.007	0.02	−1.7 (−11.2 to 8.9)	0.8	0.9	0.2 (−7.0 to 8.0)	0.1	0.7
SO₂	10.9 (4.5 to 17.8)	0.0007	0.0006	2.4 (−5.5 to 10.9)	0.6	0.9	−4.2 (−8.9 to 0.8)	0.1	0.4
CO	3.9 (−0.5 to 8.5)	0.08	0.04	−4.9 (−10.6 to 1.1)	0.1	0.03	1.0 (−2.5 to 4.6)	0.6	0.7

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