Particulate matter and daily mortality and hospital admissions in the west midlands conurbation of the United Kingdom: associations with fine and coarse particles, black smoke and sulphate

H R Anderson; S A Bremner; R W Atkinson; R M Harrison; S Walters

doi:10.1136/oem.58.8.504

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Paper

Particulate matter and daily mortality and hospital admissions in the west midlands conurbation of the United Kingdom: associations with fine and coarse particles, black smoke and sulphate

Online download statistics by month:

Online download statistics by month: July 2001 to March 2024

	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Jul 2001	51	81	14
Aug 2001	18	66	13
Sep 2001	18	38	11
Oct 2001	12	14	1
Nov 2001	6	35	5
Dec 2001	4	15	5
Jan 2002	11	20	5
Feb 2002	2	14	9
Mar 2002	4	14	4
Apr 2002	4	8	3
May 2002	2	10	6
Jun 2002	2	9	3
Jul 2002	10	8	7
Aug 2002	5	6	7
Sep 2002	3	3	2
Oct 2002	4	10	2
Nov 2002	7	4	2
Dec 2002	1	8	0
Jan 2003	2	14	3
Feb 2003	2	10	3
Mar 2003	2	6	3
Apr 2003	6	7	7
May 2003	3	3	0
Jun 2003	5	7	3
Jul 2003	21	85	6
Aug 2003	27	35	2
Sep 2003	23	23	0
Oct 2003	18	37	12
Nov 2003	18	39	12
Dec 2003	24	13	1
Jan 2004	21	38	3
Feb 2004	7	16	5
Mar 2004	13	30	4
Apr 2004	18	57	5
May 2004	38	38	6
Jun 2004	30	31	9
Jul 2004	14	26	22
Aug 2004	21	31	15
Sep 2004	26	34	6
Oct 2004	20	38	11
Nov 2004	11	58	23
Dec 2004	11	43	13
Jan 2005	12	29	9
Feb 2005	21	28	24
Mar 2005	13	31	24
Apr 2005	9	49	9
May 2005	12	29	10
Jun 2005	14	29	21
Jul 2005	5	12	13
Aug 2005	12	21	24
Sep 2005	11	17	19
Oct 2005	21	21	11
Nov 2005	20	28	11
Dec 2005	7	29	17
Jan 2006	7	22	12
Feb 2006	11	11	7
Mar 2006	6	29	35
Apr 2006	4	19	13
May 2006	2	17	9
Jun 2006	4	23	14
Jul 2006	1	14	10
Aug 2006	6	16	8
Sep 2006	6	25	14
Oct 2006	10	19	19
Nov 2006	19	28	24
Dec 2006	12	17	15
Jan 2007	10	16	20
Feb 2007	9	16	12
Mar 2007	8	17	16
Apr 2007	16	16	10
May 2007	19	12	12
Jun 2007	9	9	7
Jul 2007	10	8	6
Aug 2007	11	8	9
Sep 2007	6	7	10
Oct 2007	10	7	12
Nov 2007	18	11	11
Dec 2007	11	9	12
Jan 2008	18	9	10
Feb 2008	13	7	7
Mar 2008	20	19	19
Apr 2008	18	12	8
May 2008	10	5	7
Jun 2008	6	2	2
Jul 2008	15	2	6
Aug 2008	19	4	3
Sep 2008	23	4	5
Oct 2008	13	4	2
Nov 2008	12	1	1
Dec 2008	23	2	3
Jan 2009	11	3	4
Feb 2009	13	4	5
Mar 2009	15	4	5
Apr 2009	27	16	13
May 2009	11	5	5
Jun 2009	15	4	8
Jul 2009	17	6	13
Aug 2009	15	5	4
Sep 2009	6	3	2
Oct 2009	14	5	8
Nov 2009	15	2	2
Dec 2009	8	1	4
Jan 2010	10	0	1
Feb 2010	10	1	3
Mar 2010	9	2	2
Apr 2010	10	1	5
May 2010	8	3	5
Jun 2010	12	1	3
Jul 2010	20	4	8
Aug 2010	23	2	3
Sep 2010	12	6	3
Oct 2010	21	1	3
Nov 2010	11	2	3
Dec 2010	16	6	6
Jan 2011	16	1	2
Feb 2011	13	3	4
Mar 2011	22	1	4
Apr 2011	17	9	5
May 2011	16	2	6
Jun 2011	11	0	3
Jul 2011	9	5	2
Aug 2011	18	1	3
Sep 2011	18	4	2
Oct 2011	16	2	1
Nov 2011	32	2	4
Dec 2011	16	5	5
Jan 2012	15	8	6
Feb 2012	18	9	4
Mar 2012	10	10	2
Apr 2012	24	14	4
May 2012	26	10	8
Jun 2012	14	9	8
Jul 2012	10	14	12
Aug 2012	19	16	18
Sep 2012	32	16	475
Oct 2012	32	12	11
Nov 2012	22	12	11
Dec 2012	34	18	12
Jan 2013	46	23	6
Feb 2013	29	18	12
Mar 2013	38	26	13
Apr 2013	37	15	17
May 2013	46	15	11
Jun 2013	13	9	6
Jul 2013	12	9	12
Aug 2013	16	5	6
Sep 2013	18	7	702
Oct 2013	22	11	9
Nov 2013	22	22	22
Dec 2013	21	16	11
Jan 2014	24	5	13
Feb 2014	30	20	11
Mar 2014	27	19	11
Apr 2014	31	15	9
May 2014	36	23	11
Jun 2014	17	21	7
Jul 2014	33	19	9
Aug 2014	23	27	3
Sep 2014	39	22	17
Oct 2014	19	13	10
Nov 2014	17	9	3
Dec 2014	7	6	2
Jan 2015	15	6	8
Feb 2015	14	9	8
Mar 2015	54	10	14
Apr 2015	22	17	6
May 2015	25	18	7
Jun 2015	20	7	11
Jul 2015	18	8	11
Aug 2015	28	6	8
Sep 2015	36	21	6
Oct 2015	16	8	8
Nov 2015	28	4	7
Dec 2015	30	8	1
Jan 2016	52	11	8
Feb 2016	63	6	14
Mar 2016	38	5	13
Apr 2016	32	2	2
May 2016	23	10	8
Jun 2016	32	9	6
Jul 2016	21	2	9
Aug 2016	23	5	2
Sep 2016	22	7	7
Oct 2016	49	8	7
Nov 2016	53	7	8
Dec 2016	59	15	3
Jan 2017	37	15	7
Feb 2017	15	12	4
Mar 2017	15	17	16
Apr 2017	8	24	14
May 2017	6	27	19
Jun 2017	18	43	12
Jul 2017	52	47	13
Aug 2017	45	31	15
Sep 2017	62	42	17
Oct 2017	59	31	19
Nov 2017	75	51	14
Dec 2017	35	29	15
Jan 2018	37	24	13
Feb 2018	42	27	12
Mar 2018	40	32	20
Apr 2018	50	29	37
May 2018	41	23	23
Jun 2018	35	19	20
Jul 2018	25	25	15
Aug 2018	36	24	20
Sep 2018	29	21	20
Oct 2018	40	26	22
Nov 2018	57	27	21
Dec 2018	50	40	14
Jan 2019	52	29	17
Feb 2019	27	14	22
Mar 2019	22	14	27
Apr 2019	32	14	23
May 2019	30	21	22
Jun 2019	25	15	18
Jul 2019	23	15	17
Aug 2019	20	12	27
Sep 2019	25	18	18
Oct 2019	54	27	20
Nov 2019	24	14	15
Dec 2019	39	19	10
Jan 2020	44	29	20
Feb 2020	67	48	13
Mar 2020	39	38	12
Apr 2020	27	13	9
May 2020	26	18	11
Jun 2020	24	20	16
Jul 2020	30	26	26
Aug 2020	28	22	6
Sep 2020	53	35	13
Oct 2020	24	15	7
Nov 2020	33	21	5
Dec 2020	57	48	32
Jan 2021	39	20	12
Feb 2021	35	15	5
Mar 2021	54	30	10
Apr 2021	52	20	13
May 2021	40	31	10
Jun 2021	30	30	10
Jul 2021	17	17	11
Aug 2021	26	26	6
Sep 2021	53	52	11
Oct 2021	74	44	44
Nov 2021	50	36	23
Dec 2021	46	37	17
Jan 2022	59	45	15
Feb 2022	48	31	21
Mar 2022	47	41	17
Apr 2022	72	41	23
May 2022	53	37	22
Jun 2022	61	44	12
Jul 2022	54	42	16
Aug 2022	51	43	12
Sep 2022	44	37	12
Oct 2022	43	37	21
Nov 2022	55	34	12
Dec 2022	48	39	12
Jan 2023	93	59	25
Feb 2023	75	66	16
Mar 2023	56	32	15
Apr 2023	49	24	15
May 2023	61	34	21
Jun 2023	70	38	9
Jul 2023	101	89	17
Aug 2023	2190	2144	11
Sep 2023	2278	2262	14
Oct 2023	4843	4818	11
Nov 2023	1467	1458	5
Dec 2023	1266	322	3
Jan 2024	141	17	4
Feb 2024	266	7	1
Mar 2024	97	8	2
Total	19240	16144	4044

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