Mortality from cardiovascular and kidney diseases by time since first exposure, duration of employment, and estimated cumulative exposure among men
| Cause of death4-150 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | Ischaemic heart disease | Cerebrovascular diseases | Other diseases of the heart | Nephritis, nephrosis | |
| Time since first exposure (y): | |||||
| 1–19:4-151 | |||||
| Obs | 3 | 29 | 13 | 7 | 7 |
| RR | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | — | — |
| 20–29: | |||||
| Obs | 8 | 58 | 34 | 43 | 5 |
| RR | 3.0 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 4.2 | 0.4 |
| 95% CI | 0.7 to 13.3 | 0.8 to 2.3 | 0.8 to 3.5 | 1.7 to 10.1 | 0.1 to 1.9 |
| ⩾30 | |||||
| Obs | 38 | 172 | 214 | 221 | 34 |
| RR | 5.0 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 6.7 | 0.9 |
| 95% CI | 1.0 to 24.4 | 1.1 to 3.5 | 1.3 to 6.1 | 2.7 to 16.5 | 0.2 to 4.4 |
| Trend4-152 | 0.05 | 0.02 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.7 |
| Duration of employment (y): | |||||
| 1–9:4-151 | |||||
| Obs | 7 | 44 | 34 | 36 | 5 |
| RR | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | — | — |
| 10–19: | |||||
| Obs | 10 | 72 | 37 | 39 | 7 |
| RR | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 3.3 |
| 95% CI | 0.3 to 2.9 | 0.9 to 2.5 | 0.8 to 2.5 | 0.6 to 1.7 | 0.8 to 13.0 |
| 20–29: | |||||
| Obs | 12 | 95 | 80 | 96 | 13 |
| RR | 0.5 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 4.7 |
| 95% CI | 0.1 to 2.2 | 0.9 to 3.0 | 0.7 to 2.6 | 0.6 to 1.9 | 0.9 to 24.7 |
| ⩾30 | |||||
| Obs | 20 | 48 | 110 | 100 | 21 |
| RR | 0.7 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 9.1 |
| 95% CI | 0.1 to 3.3 | 0.9 to 4.0 | 1.1 to 4.5 | 0.6 to 2.2 | 1.6 to 52.6 |
| Trend4-152 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.6 | 0.01 |
| Estimated cumulative exposure (μg/l urine-years): | |||||
| 1–2000:4-151 | |||||
| Obs | 5 | 40 | 35 | 38 | 7 |
| RR | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001–5000: | |||||
| Obs | 10 | 96 | 44 | 46 | 6 |
| RR | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 |
| 95% CI | 0.3 to 4.7 | 0.8 to 2.0 | 0.4 to 1.2 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.05 to 1.0 |
| 5001–7000: | |||||
| Obs | 11 | 53 | 60 | 66 | 11 |
| RR | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
| 95% CI | 0.3 to 6.0 | 0.5 to 1.6 | 0.4 to 1.4 | 0.6 to 2.0 | 0.05 to 1.1 |
| >7000: | |||||
| Obs | 23 | 70 | 122 | 121 | 22 |
| RR | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.2 |
| 95% CI | 0.4 to 7.3 | 0.6 to 1.9 | 0.4 to 1.4 | 0.7 to 2.1 | 0.05 to 0.9 |
| Trend4-152 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 |









