Longitudinal study on work related and individual risk factors affecting radiating neck pain
- Dr Eira Viikari-Juntura, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, FIN-00250 Helsinki, Finlandeira.viikari-juntura{at}occuphealth.fi
- Accepted 29 November 2000
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the effects of work related and individual factors affecting radiating neck pain.
METHODS A longitudinal study was carried out with repeated measurements. A total of 5180 Finnish forest industry workers replied to a questionnaire survey in 1992 (response rate 75%). Response rates to follow up questionnaires in 1993, 1994, and 1995 were 83%, 77%, and 90%, respectively. The outcome variable was the number of days with radiating neck pain during the preceding 12 months with three levels (<8, 8–30, >30 days). The generalised estimating equations method was used to fit a marginal model and a transition model was used in a predictive analysis.
RESULTS Items showing associations with radiating neck pain in both analyses were sex, age, body mass index, smoking, duration of work with a hand above shoulder level, mental stress, and other musculoskeletal pains. In the transition model, radiating neck pain in a previous questionnaire was included in the model. Although it was a strong predictor, the variables already mentioned retained their significance.
CONCLUSION Programmes targeted to reduce physical load at work, mental stress, being overweight, and smoking could potentially prevent radiating neck pain.
