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Organochlorine compounds (OCs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins, have been linked with hypothyroidism both in animal and human studies but the relationship is not clearly established. OCs can be found in human milk, blood and adipose tissue and their potential effects in young children and adolescents are of special concern given the role of thyroid hormones in myelination and neurodevelopment. Álvarez-Pedrerol and colleagues have evaluated the relationship between certain OCs (p,p’-DDT, ß-HCH, PCB congeners) and concentrations of free T4, total T3 and thyrotropin in the blood of 259 preschool children from a Spanish general population birth cohort.1 Higher OC levels tended to be associated with lower total T3 levels and free T4 was inversely related to PCB-118. The authors raise a concern that the thyroid system, notably total T3 level, may be affected even at background levels of exposure in vulnerable youngsters from the general population.
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