Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene in coke oven workers relative to exposure, alcohol consumption, and metabolic enzymes
J Zhanga, M Ichibaa, K Harab, S Zhangc, T Hanaokad, G Panc, Y Yamanoe, K Takahashif, K Tomokunia
a Department of
Community Health Science, Saga Medical School, Saga 849-8501, Japan, b Institute for Science of Labour, 2-8-14 Sugao,
Miyamae-Ku, Kawasaki 216-8501, Japan, c Liaoning Public Health and Anti-epidemic
Station, Heping District, 42-1 Jixian Street, Shenyang 110005, China, d Epidemiology
and Biostatistics Division, National Cancer Research Institute East,
6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan, e Tokyo Womens' Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan, f University of Occupational and Environmental
Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
Correspondence to: Jiusong Zhang g9615{at}post.saga-med.ac.jp
Accepted 4 July 2001
OBJECTIVES
To
investigate the influence of personal lifestylesuch as
smoking and alcohol consumptionon urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) concentrations in coke oven workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to evaluate the association of 1-OHP
concentrations with the genetic polymorphism of several metabolic
enzymes including cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1
and glutathione S-tranferases (GSTs).
METHODSThe study
population contained 162 coke oven workers and 58 controls employed at
the largest iron and steel factory in China. Personal data were
collected at the interview. 1-OHP in urine was measured with high
performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Genetic
polymorphisms were identified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
RESULTSA positive
association between excretion of urinary 1-OHP and the levels of
exposure to PAHs was confirmed. Those people who consumed 
50 g/day
ethanol had significantly higher 1-OHP excretion than did other coke
oven workers (p<0.01). No significant difference in urinary 1-OHP was
found between smokers and non-smokers, in both controls and exposed
subjects. The variant homozygotes at exon 7 of the CYP1A1 gene had
significantly higher urinary 1-OHP concentrations than other CYP1A1
genotypes among the exposed workers (p=0.03). There was less
association between the concentrations of 1-OHP and the GSTM1, GSTP1,
or GSTT1 polymorphism.
CONCLUSIONSThe
present study confirmed that urinary 1-OHP is a good biomarker for
exposure to PAHs. Alcohol consumption affected urinary 1-OHP excretion.
The variant genotypes of the CYP1A1 gene may result in the enhancement
of PAH metabolites. It is helpful to understand the role of individual
susceptibility on metabolism of carcinogens. These findings suggest
that the modulating effect of individual lifestyle factors or genetic
nature should be considered in future studies on occupational exposure
to PAHs and in evaluating the health risk from harmful chemicals.
Keywords: 1-hydroxypyrene; genetic polymorphism; alcohol drinking
© 2001 by Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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